Juliana FitzMaurice

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• Reference Number: 7983

Notes:

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Juliana FitzMaurice
Lady of Inchiquin and Youghal
Lady of Thomond
Born c. 1263
Dublin, Ireland
Died 24 September 1300 (aged about 37)
Noble family FitzGerald
Spouse(s) Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond, Lord of Inchiquin and Youghal
Nicholas Avenel
Adam de Cretynges
Issue
Maud de Clare
Gilbert de Clare, Lord of Thomond
Richard de Clare, Steward of Forest of Essex
Margaret de Clare, Baroness Badlesmere
Father Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly, Justiciar of Ireland
Mother Maud de Prendergast
Juliana FitzMaurice, Lady of Thomond (12 April 1266 - 29 September 1300) was a Norman-Irish noblewoman, the daughter of Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly, and the wife of Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond, a powerful Anglo-Norman baron in Ireland, who was a younger brother of Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford. Juliana was married three times; Thomas being her first. She is sometimes referred to as Juliane FitzMaurice.

Early life and family
Juliana FitzMaurice was born on 12 April 1266 in Dublin, Ireland, the eldest daughter of Maurice FitzGerald II, 3rd Lord of Offaly, Justiciar of Ireland and Maud de Prendergast. She had a sister Amabel who married but was childless. Her first cousin was John FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Kildare. Her paternal grandparents were Maurice FitzGerald I, 2nd Lord of Offaly and Juliana, and her maternal grandparents were Sir Gerald de Prendergast of Beauvoir and the unnamed daughter of Richard Mor de Burgh, Lord of Connacht and Egidia de Lacy. Juliana's maternal ancestors included Brian Boru, Dermot McMurrough, and Maud de Braose.

Juliana's father, Maurice FitzGerald, was married twice, first to Maud de Prendergast and secondly to Emmeline Longespee. It has been some source of contention as to which of his two wives had issue Juliana. However, at her death, Emmeline Longespee did not mention Juliana as her daughter and heir; rather, Emmeline's heir was her niece, Maud la Zouche, wife of Robert la Zouche, 1st Lord Holland. It has been concluded by several reputable researchers that Juliana's mother was Maurice FitzGerald's first wife, Maud de Prendergast. Supporters for Emmeline Longespee being the mother have yet to produce any counter-evidence beyond hearsay.

Marriages and issue
In 1278, at the age of 12, Juliana married her first husband, Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond, Lord of Inchiquin and Youghal. He was the second eldest son of Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, 2nd Earl of Gloucester and Maud de Lacy. Thomas was a friend of King Edward I of England, with whom he went on a Crusade. He held many important posts including the Office of Governor of Colchester Castle (1266), Governor of the City of London (1273). He was also the commander of the English forces in Munster, Ireland, and on 26 January 1276, he was granted the lordship of Thomond. He was born in 1245, which made him about eighteen years older than Juliana. Throughout their marriage, the couple lived in both Ireland and England. It is recorded that on 5 May 1284, King Edward notified his lieges and bailiffs in Ireland of the attorneys who were to act on behalf of Thomas and Juliana as they were in England at the time. This arrangement continued for another three years except while they were residing in Ireland.[1]

Thomas and Juliana had four children:[2]

Maud de Clare (c. 1276-1326/27), married firstly on 3 November 1295 Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford, by whom she had issue; she married secondly after 1314 Robert de Welle.
Gilbert de Clare, Lord of Thomond (3 February 1281-1308)
Richard de Clare, Steward of Forest of Essex, 1st Lord Clare, Lord of Thomond (after 1281 - 10 May 1318 at the Battle of Dysert O'Dea), married a woman by the name of Joan by whom he fathered one son, Thomas.
Margaret de Clare (c. 1 April 1287 - 22 October 1333), married firstly in 1303 Gilbert de Umfraville; she married secondly before 30 June 1308 Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere, by whom she had four daughters and one son.
The era was marked by unrest and strife as civil war was waged between rival factions of the powerful O'Brien clan. In 1277, Juliana's husband had his former ally Brian Ruad, the deposed King of Thomond, hanged for treason at Bunratty.[3]

Thomas died on 29 August 1287, leaving Juliana a widow at the age of twenty-four with four small children; the youngest, Margaret was not quite five months old. On an unknown date she married her second husband, Nicholas Avenel. He presumably died before 11 December 1291/16 February 1292, as this is when she married her third husband, Adam de Cretynges.[4][5]

Death and legacy
Juliana died on 24 September 1300. Her numerous descendants included Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland who married Lady Joan Beaufort and thus their descendant, the English king Edward IV. By Edward IV's daughter, Elizabeth of York, consort of Henry VII, she was an ancestress to all subsequent monarchs of England and the current British Royal Family. Henry VIII's queens consort Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr also descended from her.

Birth:
FitzMaurice-95

Family/Spouse: Thomas de Clare. Thomas was born in 1245; died on 29 Aug 1287. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Maud de Clare was born in 1279; died on 4 May 1327.

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 7984

Notes:

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Maurice FitzMaurice FitzGerald
Justiciar of Ireland
Born 1238
Wexford, Ireland
Died Before 10 November 1286
Ross, County Wexford, Ireland
Spouse(s) Maud de Prendergast
Emmeline Longespee
Issue
by Maud de Prendergast
Amabel FitzGerald
by Emmeline Longespee
Juliana FitzGerald, Lady of Thomond
Father Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Lord of Offaly
Mother Juliana de Grenville
Maurice FitzMaurice FitzGerald (1238 - 2 September 1277) was an Irish magnate born in Ireland; a soldier, and Justiciar of Ireland from 1272 to 1273. His family would come to epitomize the ideal of cultural synthesis in Ireland, becoming More Irish than the Irish themselves, fusing Gaelic and Norman customs in Irish identity. "But others say that he never enjoyed that lordship himself, but passed it the son and grandson of his eldest brother Gerald."[1]

Career
He was born in 1238 in Wexford, Ireland, the second son of Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Lord of Offaly and Juliana de Grenville. He had three brothers, Gerald fitz Maurice II (died 1243), Thomas fitz Maurice (died 1271), and David fitz Maurice (died without issue). Maurice was known by the nickname of Maurice Mael (from an old word meaning "devotee" in Irish). He was granted his father's lands in Connacht in exchange for quitclaiming the barony of Offaly sometime before 20 May 1257,[2] when his father Maurice FitzGerald II died at Youghal Monastery.

Before his father died, Maurice was custos of Offaly, but after the 2nd Lord of Offaly died, the countess of Lincoln, Margaret de Quincy, sued him for custody of Offaly.[3]

Terrible feuds raged in his time between the Geraldines and the DeBurghs.[4] Maurice FitzMaurice and his nephew John, son of his brother Thomas,[5] captured the justiciar, Richard de la Rochelle, Theobald Butler IV, and John de Cogan I (whose son was married to Maurice FitzGerald III's sister, Juliana). The capture of the three magnates led to a private war in Ireland, with the Geraldines on one side and Walter de Burgh and Geoffrey de Geneville on the other. However, the Second Barons' War in England forced them to come to a temporary peace while they battled Montfortians in the English Midlands in 1266.[6]

In May 1265, Maurice FitzMaurice was among the chief magnates in Ireland summoned to inform King Henry III of England and his son Prince Edward about conditions in the country, and again in June 1265. These were the result of the private war between the Geraldines and Walter de Burgh, lord of Connacht (who was later made the 1st earl of Ulster). Maurice was appointed Justiciar of Ireland on 23 June 1272[4] following the accidental death of his predecessor, James de Audley on 11 June of that year; his father had served in the same capacity from 1232 to 1245. Maurice himself held the post until September 1273, when he was succeeded by Sir Geoffrey de Geneville, Seigneur de Vaucouleurs.

He held four knight's fees in both Lea and Geashill from Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer who had inherited them from his wife, Maud de Braose.[7]

In 1276, he led a force of men from Connacht against the Irish of County Wicklow. Maurice's contingent joined the main army of English settlers jointly commanded by his son-in-law, Thomas de Clare, Lord of Inchiquin and Youghal who had been made Lord of Thomond earlier that same year, and Sir Geoffrey de Geneville, Maurice's successor as Justiciar of Ireland. The English under Thomas de Clare and Geoffrey de Geneville attacked the Irish at Glenmalure, but were defeated and suffered heavy losses.[8]

Marriages and issue
Sometime between May 1258 and 28 October 1259, he married his first wife, Maud de Prendergast, daughter of Sir Gerald de Prendergast of Beauvoir and an unnamed daughter of Richard Mor de Burgh. Together he and Maud had one daughter:[9]

Amabel FitzGerald, married but died childless.
Maurice was Maud's third husband. She died on an unknown date. In 1273, Maurice married his second wife, Emmeline Longespee (1252-1291), daughter of Stephen Longespée and Emmeline de Ridelsford. He and Emeline had one daughter.[10]

Juliana FitzGerald (d. 24 September 1300), married firstly, Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond, by whom she had four children; she married secondly Nicholas Avenel, and thirdly, Adam de Cretynges.
Maurice died 2 September 1277, at Ross, County Wexford. Emmeline Longespee then fought until her death to claim her dower against her daughter, Juliana, her step-daughter, Amabilia, and John FitzGerald, who would be created 1st Earl of Kildare on 14 May 1316. John was the son of his brother Thomas by Rohesia de St. Michael. John sued or physically took lands from the bailiffs of Emmeline, Juliana, and Amabilia.[11]

There is some confusion as to whether Gerald Fitzmaurice FitzGerald was the first or second son of Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Lord of Offaly. Most, like M. Hickson, of the RSAI say he was the eldest. Lord Walter FitzGerald says he was the second. In any event, he predeceased his father in 1243. His son, Maurice FitzGerald,[12]drowned in the Irish Channel in July 1268. His son was Gerald FitzMaurice III (born in 1263). Gerald's marriage was sold to Geoffrey de Geneville, who matched Gerald with his own daughter, Joan, but he died childless on 29 August 1287.[citation needed]

Maurice Fitzmaurice FitzGerald 3rd Earl of Offaly was succeeded by nephew John, son of his younger brother Thomas Fitzmaurice FitzGerald.

Birth:
FitzMaurice-96

Maurice married Emmeline Longespee. Emmeline (daughter of Stephen Longespee and Emeline de Riddlesford) was born in 1252; died in 1291. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 7985

Notes:

Birth:
Longespée-76

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 7995

Notes:

Stephen Longespée (c. 1216 - 1260) was an English knight who served as Seneschal of Gascony and as Justiciar of Ireland.

Longespée was a son of William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury and Ela of Salisbury. He was a cousin of the King Henry III of England. His wife Emmeline was an heiress of her grandfather Walter de Ridelisford, and brought possessions in Connacht and Leinster in Ireland.[2] In 1255, Longespée was appointed the Seneschal of Gascony, where his administration was hampered with disputes with Lord Edward.[3] After Lord Edward returned to England in 1255, Longespée remained until 1257 as Seneschal, before returning to England. When Lord Edward reluctantly recognized the Provisions of Oxford in 1258, Longespée was one of the four counsellors given to accept the reform program. In 1259, Longespée was appointed Justiciar of Ireland.[4] He died in 1260.[5]

Marriage and issue
Stephen married Emmeline, the widow of Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster, the daughter of Walter de Ridelsford and Annora Vitré. They had the following known issue:

Emeline Longespée (died 1291), married Maurice FitzGerald, had issue.
Ela Longespée (died 1276), married Roger la Zouche, had issue.

Birth:
Longespée-77

Stephen married Emeline de Riddlesford. Emeline was born about 1223; died before 20 Jul 1276. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 7986

Notes:

Birth:
Riddlesford-1

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 7987

Notes:

https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Plantagenet-1612

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

William Longespée
Earl of Salisbury
Born c. 1176
Died 7 March 1226 (aged 49-50)
Salisbury Castle, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England
Noble family Plantagenet
Spouse(s) Ela, Countess of Salisbury
among others...Issue
William II Longespée
Nicholas Longespée
Father Henry II, King of England
Mother Ida de Tosny

Arms of Longespée, as drawn by Matthew Paris (d. 1259): Azure, six lions rampant or, 3,2,1. As seen sculpted on the shield of his effigy in Salisbury Cathedral
William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (c. 1176 - 7 March 1226) ("Long Sword", Latinised to de Longa Spatha) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, primarily remembered for his command of the English forces at the Battle of Damme and for remaining loyal to his half-brother, King John. His nickname "Longespée" is generally taken as a reference to his great size and the outsize weapons he wielded.[citation needed]

William was an illegitimate son of Henry II, King of England. His mother was unknown for many years until the discovery of a charter William made that mentions "Comitissa Ida, mater mea" (Countess Ida, my mother).[1][2] This referred to Ida de Tosny, a member of the prominent Tosny (or Toesny) family, who had married Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk[3] in 1181.

King Henry acknowledged William as his son and gave him the honour of Appleby, Lincolnshire, in 1188. Eight years later, his half brother King Richard I married him to a great heiress, Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury, and granted him the title and lands of the earldom.[4]

During the reign of King John, Salisbury was at court on several important ceremonial occasions and held various offices: sheriff of Wiltshire; lieutenant of Gascony; constable of Dover; and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports; and later warden of the Welsh Marches. He was appointed sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire about 1213.

Military career
Salisbury was a commander in the king's Welsh and Irish expeditions of 1210-1212 and was appointed Viceroy of Ireland, jointly with John de Gray, Bishop of Norwich, when the king left for England in 1210.[5] The king also granted him the honour of Eye in Suffolk.

In 1213, Salisbury led a large fleet to Flanders, where he seized or destroyed a good part of a French invasion fleet anchored at or near Damme. This ended the invasion threat but not the conflicts between England and France. In 1214, Salisbury was sent to help Otto IV of Germany, an English ally, who was invading France. Salisbury commanded the right wing of the army at their disastrous defeat in that year at the Battle of Bouvines, where he was captured.[6]

By the time he returned to England, revolt was brewing amongst the barons. Salisbury was one of the few who remained loyal to John, except for a few months in 1216. In the civil war that took place the year after the signing of the Magna Carta, Salisbury was one of the leaders of the king's army in the south. He was made High Sheriff of Wiltshire again, this time for life. After raising the siege of Lincoln with William Marshall he was also appointed High Sheriff of Lincolnshire (in addition to his current post as High Sheriff of Somerset) and governor of Lincoln castle. However, after the French prince Louis (later Louis VIII) landed as an ally of the rebels, Salisbury went over to his side. Presumably, he thought John's cause was lost.[6]

Tomb of William Longespée in Salisbury Cathedral
After John's death and the departure of Louis, Salisbury, along with many other barons, joined the cause of John's young son, now Henry III of England. He held an influential place in the government during the king's minority and fought in Gascony to help secure the remaining part of the English continental possessions. He was appointed High Sheriff of Devon in 1217 and High Sheriff of Staffordshire and Shropshire in 1224. Salisbury's ship was nearly lost in a storm while returning to England in 1225, and he spent some months in refuge at a monastery on the French island of Ré.[6]

Death
Salisbury died not long after his return to England at Salisbury Castle. Roger of Wendover alleged that he was poisoned by Hubert de Burgh.[7] He was buried at Salisbury Cathedral in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England.[6]

Salisbury's tomb was opened in 1791. Bizarrely, the well-preserved corpse of a rat which carried traces of arsenic, was found inside his skull.[8] The rat is now on display in Salisbury Cathedral Chapter House.

Likeness
A terracotta statue of Salisbury, dating from 1756, is located in the Great Hall of Lacock Abbey in Lacock, Wiltshire, England. A likeness of his wife Ela is also on display, while several other statues are believed to show their children.

Family
By his wife Ela, Countess of Salisbury, Salisbury had four sons and six daughters:[9]

William II Longespée (1212?-1250), who was sometimes called Earl of Salisbury but never legally bore the title because he died before his mother, Countess Ela, who held the earldom until her death in 1261.
Richard, a canon of Salisbury.
Stephen Longespée (died 1260), who was seneschal of Gascony and Justiciar of Ireland, married Emeline de Ridelsford, widow of Hugh de Lacy, 1st Earl of Ulster.
Nicholas (died 1297), bishop of Salisbury.
Isabella Longespée, who married Sir William de Vesci.
Ela Longespée, who first married Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick, and then married Philip Basset. No issue.[10]
Ida Longespée, married firstly Ralph who was son of Ralph de Somery, Baron of Dudley, and Margaret, daughter of John Marshal;[10] she married secondly William de Beauchamp, Baron of Bedford, by whom she had seven children.[11]
Ida II de Longespée (she is alternatively listed as William and Ela's granddaughter: see notes below), married Sir Walter FitzRobert, son of Robert Fitzwalter, by whom she had issue including Ela FitzWalter, wife of William de Odyngsells. Ela's and Williams's grandsons include William de Clinton and John de Grey.[10]
Mary Longespée, married. No issue.[10]
Pernel Longespée.

Birth:
illegitimate

William married Countess of Salisbury, Ela (of Salisbury) Salisbury. Ela was born about 1190 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England; died on 24 Aug 1261 in Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events:

• Reference Number: 7963

Notes:

https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Salisbury-262

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ela of Salisbury
suo jure Countess of Salisbury
Born 1187
Amesbury, Wiltshire, England
Died 24 August 1261 (aged 73-74)
Lacock Abbey, Wiltshire
Noble family de Salisbury
Spouse(s) William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury
among others...Issue
William II Longespée
Nicholas Longespée, Bishop of Salisbury
Father William FitzPatrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury
Mother Eléonore de Vitré
Ela of Salisbury, 3rd Countess of Salisbury (1187 - 24 August 1261) was an English peer. She succeeded to the title in her own right in 1196 upon the death of her father, William FitzPatrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury.[1]

Ela married William Longespée, an illegitimate half-brother of kings Richard I and John, who thus became Earl of Salisbury, in 1196. Ela held the post of High Sheriff of Wiltshire for two years after William's death, then became a nun, and eventually Abbess of Lacock Abbey in Wiltshire, which she had founded in 1229.

Family
Ela was born in Amesbury, Wiltshire in 1187, the only child and heiress of William FitzPatrick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, Sheriff of Wiltshire and Eléonore de Vitré (c. 1164-1232/1233).[2] In 1196, she succeeded her father as suo jure 3rd Countess of Salisbury. There is a story that immediately following her father's death she was imprisoned in a castle in Normandy by one of her paternal uncles who wished to take her title and enormous wealth for himself. According to the legend, Ela was eventually rescued by William Talbot, a knight who had gone to France where he sang ballads under windows in all the castles of Normandy until he received a response from Ela.[3]

In 1198, Ela's mother married her fourth husband, Gilbert de Malesmains.

Marriage and issue
In 1196, the same year she became countess and inherited her father's numerous estates, Ela married William Longespée, an illegitimate son of King Henry II, by his mistress Ida de Tosny, who later married Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk. Longespée became 3rd Earl of Salisbury by right of his wife. The Continuator of Florence recorded that their marriage had been arranged by King Richard I, who was William's legitimate half-brother.[1]

Together William and Ela had at least eight or possibly nine children:

William II Longespée, titular Earl of Salisbury (c. 1209 - 7 February 1250), married in 1216 Idoine de Camville, daughter of Richard de Camville and Eustache Basset, by whom he had four children. William was killed while on crusade at the Battle of Mansurah. His son William III Longespée died in 1257, in the lifetime of his grandmother Ela. Ela's heiress was William III's daughter Margaret Longespée who died in 1310.
Richard Longespée, clerk and canon of Salisbury.
Stephen Longespée, Seneschal of Gascony and Justiciar of Ireland (1216-1260), married as her second husband 1243/1244 Emmeline de Ridelsford, daughter of Walter de Ridelsford and Annora Vitré, by whom he had two daughters: Ela, wife of Sir Roger La Zouche, and Emmeline (1252-1291), the second wife of Maurice FitzGerald, 3rd Lord of Offaly.
Nicholas Longespée, Bishop of Salisbury (died 28 May 1297)
Isabella Longespée (died before 1244), married as his first wife shortly after 16 May 1226, William de Vescy, Lord of Alnwick, by whom she had issue.
Petronilla Longespée, died unmarried
Ela Longespée, who first married Thomas de Beaumont, 6th Earl of Warwick, and then married Philip Basset. No issue.[4]
Ida Longespée, married firstly Ralph who was son of Ralph de Somery, Baron of Dudley, and Margaret, daughter of John Marshal;[4] she married secondly William de Beauchamp, Baron of Bedford, by whom she had six children, including Maud de Beauchamp, wife of Roger de Mowbray.[5]
Ida II de Longespée (she is alternatively listed as William and Ela's granddaughter: see notes below), married Sir Walter FitzRobert, son of Robert Fitzwalter, by whom she had issue including Ela FitzWalter, wife of William de Odyngsells. Ela's and Williams's grandsons include William de Clinton and John de Grey.[4]
Mary Longespée, married. No issue.[4]
Pernel Longespée.

Lacock Abbey, founded in 1229 by Ela, Countess of Salisbury
Later life
In 1225, Ela's husband William was shipwrecked off the coast of Brittany, upon returning from Gascony. He spent months recovering at a monastery on the Island of Ré in France. He died at Salisbury Castle on 7 March 1226 just days after arriving in England. Ela held the post of Sheriff of Wiltshire for two years following her husband's death.

Three years later in 1229, Ela founded Lacock Abbey in Wiltshire as a nunnery of the Augustinian order. In 1238, she entered the abbey as a nun; she was made Abbess of Lacock in 1240, and held the post until 1257. The Book of Lacock recorded that Ela founded the monasteries at Lacock and Henton.[1] During her tenure as abbess, Ela obtained many rights for the abbey and village of Lacock.

Ela, Countess of Salisbury died on 24 August 1261 and was buried in Lacock Abbey. The inscription on her tombstone, written in Latin, reads:

Below lie buried the bones of the venerable Ela, who gave this sacred house as a home for the nuns. She also had lived here as holy abbess and Countess of Salisbury, full of good works[6]

Ela has been described as having been "one of the two towering female figures of the mid-13th century", the other one being Margaret de Quincy, Countess of Lincoln.[7]